面向下一代网络的近场通信：理论、应用与挑战

摘要：从电磁理论出发，分析了近场通信不可忽视的电磁特性和波束特性，以及对现有通信系统性能的影响。接着，利用近场效应，阐释了几种典型近场应用场景以及如何实现更高的性能指标。最后，为实现近场通信容量的提升，介绍了一些实现方法与架构，并对近场信道估计的两种技术进行展望，指出了未来研究方向。本研究可为未来近场通信的研究提供参考。

关键词：近场通信；近场波束特性；通信容量；信道估计

Abstract: From the electromagnetic theory, the non-negligible electromagnetic and beam characteristics of the near-field are analyzed, as well as the impact on the performance of existing communication systems. Then, using the near-field effect, several typical near-field application scenarios and how to achieve higher performance indexes are elucidated. Finally, in order to improve the capacity of near-field communication, several implementation methods and architectures are introduced, two technologies of near field channel estimation are prospected, and the future research direction is pointed out. This study serves as a reference for future research in near-field communication.

Keywords: near field communication; near-field beam characterization; communications capacity; channel estimation