As 5G applications expand from B2C to B2B markets, more new technologies and solutions will be developed to meet the needs of customers and applications. ZTE has always regarded innovation as an important cornerstone of sustainable development, making continuous breakthroughs in key technologies to help industrial partners and customers obtain more extended functions. By achieving higher capacity, enhanced performance, and substantial improvements in network efficiency, ZTE helps operators maximize the value of their wireless networks.
5G Commercialization in Full Gear
The global 5G commercialization is in full gear. According to the latest GSA report, 200 operators around the world have launched commercial 5G services, and there are 99 operators engaged in 5G standalone (SA) networks. Among them, China is the country with the largest and most advanced 5G commercial deployment. As of December 2021, the total number of 5G base stations in China had hit 1.425 million, accounting for more than 60% of the world’s total 5G base stations. The number of 5G terminal connections in China has reached 450 million, 5G SA network has covered all cities in the country, and its dataflow of usage (DOU) is 50% higher than that of 4G.
As the world's leading supplier of wireless products and solutions, ZTE has cooperated with more than 90 operators around the world on 5G. In the third quarter of 2021, the share of global shipments of 5G base stations was 28.6%. ZTE has also been engaged in different 5G vertical industries, with a total of over 500 partners (Fig. 1). The global revenue share of its 5G SA core network reaches 29% and there are more than 170 commercial partnerships on 5G Core.
Looking back at history, technology innovations and breakthroughs have always given strong support for the great progress of human society. ZTE introduced software defined radio (SDR) technology and launched the industry's first SDR base station in 2007. Since then, Telecom has entered into a new era of ultra-broadband, multi-carrier and multi-mode. ZTE proposed the concept of applying 5G to 4G in 2014 and launched the industry's first Massive MIMO based on Pre5G AAU. The Massive MIMO technology was rapidly recognized by the industry, and ZTE won two awards at the Mobile World Congress 2016. Now, the Massive MIMO base station has become the mainstream site of 5G deployment.
In the future, ZTE will continue to innovate, because it believes that only innovation can bring development and create greater value for customers worldwide.
5G Development Provides Greater Value Space
The key mission of 5G is to create new value for the B2B market and provide opportunities for operators to explore industrial markets and maximize network value.
In terms of 5G infrastructure network, ZTE adopts innovative solutions to offer excellent experience and maximize network value. With the acceleration of 5G construction, the global 5G deployment shows a trend from outdoor to indoor, from single-band to multi-band, and from low/medium frequency to high frequency. ZTE has proposed a series of innovative solutions based on the trend. The SSB 1+X solution enhances the coverage of high buildings for outdoor scenario, and the SuperMIMO solution improves indoor coverage and capacity for indoor scenario. ZTE has also proposed its innovative FAST solution for in-depth aggregation of time and frequency domain resources. Millimeter wave features high bandwidth and can be used as an ultra-large-capacity solution in hot-spot areas. ZTE is also the first in the industry to support 1D3U, with a single-user uplink rate of up to 960 Mbps.
ZTE launched its Radio Composer, the industry's first intelligent orchestration solution in 2021. Based on BBU's built-in intelligence and heterogeneous computing power, it can provide multi-dimensional network perception to improve user experience and network efficiency. User orchestration takes users as orchestration objects to achieve intelligent user steering and scheduling. Network orchestration uses network resources as orchestration objects to achieve orchestration for spectrum, frame structure and beams. It is a powerful tool for operators to develop 5G networks in the post-5G era.
At present, many countries have set carbon neutral targets. Energy-saving solutions have become the focus of operators. For the radio part, energy saving solutions involve equipment level, site level and network level. ZTE continues to develop products and features that consume less power, and launched the PowerPilot solution in 2019. The solution is based on four concepts: scenario-based policies, energy-saving policies without impact on capacity or coverage KPIs, multi-band multi-mode synergy, and AI technology. So far, the PowerPilot solution has been commercially deployed for more than 30 operators around the world.
The B2B market usually requires mobile edge computing capability. How can this demand be met quickly and easily? ZTE has launched NodeEngine, the industry's first and unique lightweight B2B solution with an embedded edge computing engine in the base station, which can be configured and activated in one hour only by inserting a board into the base station. NodeEngine has a wide range of appeal to the B2B market, and has been applied in more than 10 industries and more than 60 commercial projects.
Unlike operators, many vertical customers do not have large and dedicated operations teams. ZTE's ToBeEasy operations and management solution is the right one for them. It is an end-to-end lightweight simplified solution with embedded intelligent fault prediction and resolution capabilities, alleviating the nightmare of many enterprises manually troubleshooting network resources. As a result, enterprises can focus more on their own business and services. ToBeEasy also allows enterprises to easily manage and activate their services.
With a strong network and a variety of upgrades or new services, 5G is helping to create a more convenient and enjoyable digital lifestyle. 5G is also changing many industries, many projects have been launched and running, and many projects are being tested. The "Bloom Cup" 5G application competition organized by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China has been held for four times. The exploration and promotion of 5G applications in China has achieved positive results. There are over 10,000 innovative 5G application cases across the country, which play an enabling role in a wide range of industries, such as manufacturing, health care, education and transportation. From consumers to vertical industries, 5G plays an important role in making digital economy an essential part of the society. The 5G network will continue to grow and is expected to deliver more experience.
Orientation to the Future
AI is nothing new in 5G era, but it is expected to become the core functionality of the 5G-Advanced network in the future. AI and wireless technology will combine with each other and develop and evolve together. This is a two-way street, benefiting both technologies.
ZTE RIS is a kind of 6G technology brought forward to the 5G-Advanced era, which uses the re-configurable intelligent surface to improve 5G network performance, just as ZTE did to Pre5G Massive MIMO, a 5G technology brought forward into the 4G era. Normally, using the reflection of electromagnetic signals from ordinary materials, the wireless channel can be considered passive or fixed. However, with ZTE RIS, the wireless channel can be considered active or reconfigurable. Therefore, it can tremendously improve the performance of the whole wireless system. For example, if the RIS is introduced in a 5G network, potential benefits include a 30% reduction in the number of sites and power consumption through enhanced site coverage, especially through mmWave.
The requirement of 6G is more challenging than the current 5G. For example, throughput requires one Tera bits per second, and the connection density is 100 times that of 5G per square kilometer. The areas of active 6G research include frequency, such as frequency sharing based on block chain, and higher frequency Tera Hertz. Space utilization is another area to work on, such as virtual smooth cell and spatial convergence. In terms of air interface, AI will be closely integrated into MIMO, and wireless channel will become more adaptive and configurable. Sensing network and communications network will further converge.
In the face of future technological evolution, ZTE insists on taking value as the core, problem-solving as the guide, working closely with the industry chain, and constantly innovating, iterating, exploring and practicing, so as to promote the integrated development of the whole industry and maximize the value of the network.